Siguiendo el patrón usual: Migración vertical dial de los copépodos calanoides en el estrato superficial (0-100 m) del Mar Caribe Occidental (enero, 2007)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2025.60.2.5793Palabras clave:
Zooplancton, copépodos, migración vertical diaria, Mar CaribeResumen
El zooplancton marino realiza una migración vertical diaria (DVM) siguiendo un patrón generalizado que implica la inmersión a aguas más profundas durante el día y emersión nocturna a capas superficiales. Con base en muestras estratificadas se estudiaron los patrones migratorios a pequeña escala de la comunidad de CC en los 100 m superiores de aguas oceánicas del Caribe mexicano y beliceño (MCMB). Se analizaron 48 muestras de zooplancton diurnas y nocturnas obtenidas de 12 sitios en cuatro estratos (0-25, 25-50, 50-75, 75-100 m) incluyendo tres sectores hidrográficamente distintos. Se identificaron 83 especies de CC. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre 1) zonas hidrográficas; en particular la zona sur se distinguió de las otras dos por efecto del Giro de Honduras y la integración de especies mesopelágicas en el estrato profundo, y 2) la proporción de hembras: machos (1: 0,49) observada en el estrato 25-50 m, difirió significativamente de los otros estratos. El análisis reveló débiles efectos de temperatura, fluorescencia y concentraciones de oxígeno disuelto en los estratos verticales. Las discontinuidades hidrográficas de las zonas norte-centro y también del estrato más profundo se vincularon a elevados valores de diversidad y abundancia de CC, respectivamente. Acorde a lo esperado, el principal patrón migratorio observado en el comportamiento de las especies dominantes (i.e., Clausocalanus furcatus, Euchaeta marina, Haloptilus longicornis, Lucicutia flavicornis, Nannocalanus minor, Undinula vulgaris) y las abundancias totales de CC en el MCMB coincide con las características y dinámica del DVM convencional, con algunas variantes secundarias, como especies no migrantes, migrantes débiles y fuertes y especies relacionadas con surgencia. La amplia distribución y dominancia de las especies comunes y su diversidad trófica parece ser un factor estabilizador de la comunidad local de CC en los 100 m superiores.
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